An ancient Roman settlement founded in the 1st century AD, it was abandoned and likely destroyed during the barbarian invasions, only to be reborn in the 9th century AD. Significant artifacts from its ancient past were discovered starting in the mid-19th century in the vast archaeological area of San Lorenzo and are now housed in the fascinating Civic Archaeological Museum. Becoming part of the domains of Matilda of Canossa, Pegognaga experienced a period of expansion and growth. This strong momentum, particularly in construction, can still be observed today in the architecture of the Church of San Lorenzo. It is a Romanesque-style church with three naves, built entirely of brick. Some elements are linked to the specific architectural tradition known as Mantuan Matildic style, such as the raised central section of the facade and the presence of three apses. The church was used as a shelter during World War I, and later, an extensive restoration altered some elements of the facade. Following the earthquake in 2012, it became the main parish church of the village, replacing the Church of the Assumption, which was destroyed.

A delightful medieval town is home to the Abbey of San Benedetto in Polirone, dating back to 1007, the year Tedaldo of Canossa, grandfather of Countess Matilda, entrusted the Benedictine monks with the monastery and some adjacent lands. However, it was under Matilda’s rule that the monastic complex was renewed, taking on the structure that can still be admired today. Following the well-known events that saw the countess act as mediator between Emperor Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII, the abbey was donated to the Pope and placed under the jurisdiction of Cluny. The architecture of the complex was then adapted to the Cluniac model, with the apse being equipped with an ambulatory and radial chapels.

The complex was later enriched with a refectory frescoed by the great Correggio and the church, a 16th-century masterpiece by the renowned architect Giulio Romano. Romano reinterpreted the earlier Romanesque and Gothic-style structure without demolishing it, instead adapting it with original and innovative solutions. Inside, the Oratory of Santa Maria, dating back to the 11th century, was preserved, which initially housed the tomb of Countess Matilda before her remains were transferred to St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City.

The abbey also boasts three extraordinary cloisters, 16th-century cellars that house a beautiful collection of agricultural carts, and the Polironiano Civic Museum, which offers an extensive exploration of the history of rural life in this region.

San Benedetto Po is not only a treasure trove of historical and architectural wonders but also a gastronomic haven. Highlights include mute duck ragù, pumpkin tortelli, and salami cooked under ashes. Among the desserts, the traditional torta di tagliatelle stands out, made with shortcrust pastry filled with almonds and topped with egg tagliatelle.